Conserving threatened species is challenging and often involves undertaking complex management actions with few resources in the face of competing social or environmental values or needs. The south-east of mainland Australia harbours a high diversity of non-migratory native galaxiids. Of 18 species, 78% have only recently been discovered. Fifteen species are found in upland areas, many in alpine environments, and 11 are considered critically endangered. The current global distribution of each of these consists of a short and narrow headwater reach of a single stream, usually upstream of a natural waterfall. Populations of each are considered to have declined dramatically, due primarily to predation from alien Brown and Rainbow Trout, and are now at greater risk of extinction from further predation and from stochastic events such as drought (loss of surface water), fire, and large-scale instream sedimentation from high rainfall events following fire. These taxa share relatively similar biology and are subject to similar threatening process, hence allowing broad application of conservation measures across taxa, albeit with subtle differences. We have undertaken successful conservation management of one species for twenty years to prevent extinction, and have recently applied the methods developed and lessons learnt to the management of additional species to achieve similar outcomes. Following a mix of largely successful conservation actions (e.g. predator control, ex-situ captive management, artificial breeding, translocation), a key outcome was the demonstration of the utility of fairly simple management actions, though improved by adaptive refinement, and complimented by novel methods.